tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-41468373197421369612024-03-13T03:09:11.827-07:00indahnya bahasa inggrisAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12835379231216033872noreply@blogger.comBlogger6125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4146837319742136961.post-59806988443847423852013-04-18T21:34:00.001-07:002013-04-18T21:34:19.556-07:00Perbedaan phonetics dan phonology<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<h1>
Phonetics and Phonology -Differences</h1>
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<b><span style="font-weight: normal;">Phonology</span></b></h2>
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Phonetics</h2>
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The study of the system of speech sounds in a language, or
the system of sounds itself.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
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The science and study of the speech sounds.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
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The branch of linguistic dealing with the way speech
sounds behave in particular languages or in language generally. It examines
pattern of sounds.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
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The study of speech sounds. Phonetics deals with the
physical nature of speech sounds and not with their relations to other speech
sounds in particular languages.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
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The science of speech sounds including especially the
history and the theory of sound change in a languages or in two or more related
languages.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
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1: The system of speech sounds of a language or group of
languages.2a: The study and systematic classification of the sounds made in
spoken utterance.2b: The practical application of this science to language
study.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
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Pattern of sounds, especially different patterns of sounds
in difference languages, or within each language, different patterns of sound
in different positions in words etc.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
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Deals with the production of speech sounds by humans,
often without prior knowledge of the language being spoken.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
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a: Studies of how sounds interact as a system in a
particular language.B: Studies of how these sounds combine and how they
change in combination, as well as which sounds can contrast to produce
differences in meaning (phonology describes the phones as allophones of
phonemes).<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
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a: Simply describes the articulatory and acoustic
properties of phones (speech sounds)b: Phonetics studies which sounds are
present in a language.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
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The study of pronunciation of words and sentences.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
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Deals with speech sounds, especially how they are produced
and perceived.<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12835379231216033872noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4146837319742136961.post-54287581723461897172013-04-18T21:04:00.002-07:002013-04-18T21:04:25.684-07:00conditional sentences<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Conditional
Clause and Main Clause</span></b></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="background: mintcream; mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
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<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If
I have enough money,<br />
</span><b><span style="color: brown; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">conditional
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<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I will go to Japan.<br />
</span><b><span style="color: brown; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> main
clause</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I
will go to Japan,<br />
</span><b><span style="color: brown; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">main
clause </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">if I have enough money<br />
</span><b><span style="color: brown; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> conditional
clause</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></div>
</td>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">First,
Second, and Third Conditional</span></b></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="background: mintcream; mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 195.75pt;" width="261">
<h2 style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="color: brown; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="color: brown; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">First conditional:</span></h2>
<h2 style="margin-left: .25in;">
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;">( Present Real
Conditional )</span></h2>
</td>
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 272.6pt;" width="363">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If I have enough money, I will go
to Japan. </span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 195.75pt;" width="261">
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b><span style="color: brown; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="color: brown; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Second conditional:</span></b></div>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>( Present
Unreal Conditonal )</span></h2>
</td>
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 272.6pt;" width="363">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If I had enough money, I would go
to Japan.</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 195.75pt;" width="261">
<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;">
<b><span style="color: brown; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><b><span style="color: brown; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Third conditional:</span></b></div>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>( Past Unreal Conditional )</span></h2>
</td>
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; width: 272.6pt;" width="363">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If I had had enough money, I would
have gone to Japan. </span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="background: mintcream; mso-cellspacing: 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: brown; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Conditional clause</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: brown; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Main clause</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> If + Present Tense </span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">will + inf / present tense /
imperative</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td colspan="2" style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<ol start="1" type="a">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If you help me with the
dishes (if + pres), <br />
I will help you with your homework. (will + inf) </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If the sum of the digits of a
number is divisible by three, <br />
the number is divisible by three (Pres. tense) </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If you see Mr Fox tonight,
tell him I am ill. (imperative). </span></li>
</ol>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> If + Past Tense </span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">would + inf</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> If + Past Perfect Tense </span></div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">would have + past participle</span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td colspan="2" style="padding: 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt 3.0pt;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We do not normally use <u>will</u>
or <u>would</u> in the conditional clause, <br />
only in the main clause.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Uses
of the Conditional</span></b></div>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><b><span style="color: #104d84; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">First conditional</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></li>
<ol start="1" type="a">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 1.0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Nature: Open condition, what is said in the condition
is possible. </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 1.0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Time: This condition refers either to present or to
future time.<br />
e.g. If he is late, we will have to go without him.<br />
If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble.</span></li>
</ol>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="2" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><b><span style="color: #104d84; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Second conditional</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></li>
<ol start="1" type="a">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 1.0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Nature: unreal (impossible) or improbable situations. </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 1.0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Time: present; the TENSE is past, but we are talking
about the present, now.<br />
e.g. If I knew her name, I would tell you.<br />
If I were you, I would tell my father.<br />
<i>Compare:</i> If I become president, I will change the social security
system. (Said by a presidential candidate)<br />
If I became president, I would change the social security system. (Said
by a schoolboy: improbable)<br />
If we win this match, we are qualified for the semifinals.<br />
If I won a million pounds, I would stop teaching. (improbable) </span></li>
</ol>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-left: .5in; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<ol start="3" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><b><span style="color: #104d84; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Third conditional</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></li>
<ol start="1" type="a">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 1.0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Nature: unreal </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 1.0in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Time: Past (so we are talking about a situation that
was <u>not</u> so in the past.)<br />
e.g. If you had warned me, I would not have told your father about that
party.(But you didn't, and I have). </span></li>
</ol>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Remember!</span></i></b><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> The conditional construction does
not normally use <i>will</i> or <i>would</i> in if-clauses. <i>EXCEPTION:</i>
If <i>will</i> or <i>would</i> express willingness, as in requests, they can be
used in if-clauses. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g. If you will come this way, the manager will see you
now.<br />
I would be grateful if you would give me a little help.<br />
(= ± please, come this way; please, give me...) </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> For the second conditional, <i>were</i>
replaces <i>was:</i> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If I <u>were</u> a rich man... </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">3.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> After <i>if</i>, we can either use
"some(-one, -where...)" or "any(-one, -where...). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If I have some spare time next weekend....or : <br />
If I have any spare time...</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">4.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Instead of <i>if not,</i> we can
use <i>unless.</i> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">e.g. I'll be back tomorrow unless there is a plane strike.<br />
He'll accept the job unless the salary is too low.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">5.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There is a "mixed type" as
well, for the present results of an unreal condition in the past: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If + Past Perfect - would + inf.<br />
If you had warned me [then], I would not be in prison [now].</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12835379231216033872noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4146837319742136961.post-57796892402623464202013-04-17T00:36:00.003-07:002013-04-17T00:36:27.461-07:00Cara membuat kalimat tanya dalam Bahasa Inggris<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cara membuat kalimat tanya dalam Bahasa Inggris</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 18.0pt; margin-bottom: .25in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dalam speaking,
kita hampir selalu menggunakan kalimat tanya. Hal ini karena si pembicara ingin
mengetahui informasi tertentu dari lawan bicara. Seperti halnya
dalam bahasa Indonesia, tipe pertanyaan dalam bahasa Inggris ada 2 yaitu
pertanyaan yang hanya membutuhkan jawaban yes/no dan pertanyaan yang
membutuhkan explanation (information questions). Tulisan ini membahas cara
membuat yes/no questions, question tag, information questions, dan embedded
questions.<br />
Sebelum kita membahas kedua tipe tersebut, ada 4 simple rules yang perlu
diingat ketika membuat questions, antara lain:<br />
• Tenses. Apa yang ditanyakan harus sesuai dengan waktu kejadian/aktivitas.
Sebagai contoh, there was a party at school last night. I didn’t go because I
was sick. Therefore, I don’t know who came to the party, how many people came,
how the party was, etc. Sekarang saya ingin tahu tentang pesta sekolah itu dengan
bertanya kepada teman kelas saya:<br />
o Did you go to the party?<br />
o How many people came?<br />
o How was the party? etc. Jadi, karena kejadian/aktivitas dinyatakan dengan
past tense, maka kalimat tanya juga harus dinyatakan dalam past tense.
INCORRECT jika:<br />
o Do you go to the party?<br />
o How many people come?<br />
o How is the party? etc.<br />
• Untuk yes/no questions, lakukan inversi atau tempatkan auxiliary/be/kata
bantu sebelum subject kalimat.<br />
• Untuk information questions, tempatkan kata tanya sebelum auxiliary/be/kata
bantu. Tetapi, jika yang ditanyakan adalah subject kalimat, inversi
auxiliary/be/kata bantu tidak diperlukan. Yang diperlukan hanyalah mengganti
subject kalimat dengan kata tanya.<br />
• Embedded question selalu dalam bentuk affirmative (kalimat positif) atau kalimat
negatif, tetapi tidak pernah dalam bentuk kalimat tanya. Kesalahan pada umumnya
terjadi karena dilakukannya inversi auxiliary/be/kata bantu ke depan subject
kalimat.<br />
Sekarang, let’s start from yes/no questions.<br />
A. Yes/No questions<br />
Yes/no questions dapat kita bagi menjadi positive dan negative yes/no
questions.<br />
1. Positive yes/no questions.<br />
Pola-pola kalimat tanya yang telah diberikan pada pembahasan tiap tenses secara
umum dapat diringkas menjadi:<br />
Auxiliary<br />
Be<br />
Do/does/did + subject + verb . . .<br />
Contoh:<br />
1. Have you finished doing your homework?<br />
2. Will you go to watch a movie with me tonight?<br />
3. Is she pretty?<br />
4. Does he always go to school on foot?<br />
5. Did you visit your parents during holiday?<br />
Note: Kesalahan biasanya terjadi pada kalimat yang menggunakan simple present
tense dan past tense. Kesalahan ini umumnya karena lupa mengubah verb1+(s/es)
dan verb2 menjadi verb1.<br />
• INCORRECT: Does she often practices her English?<br />
• CORRECT : Does she often practice her English? Yes, she does.<br />
• INCORRECT: Did you loved her?<br />
• CORRECT : Did you love her? Yes, I did.<br />
Untuk tensis yang lainnya biasanya jarang tejadi kesalahan karena bentuk
verb-nya tidak berubah. Silakan baca kembali pola yes/no question untuk 16
Tensis dalam Bahasa Inggris. Atau click link tensis yang ingin anda review di
bagian comment tulisan ini.<br />
2. Negative yes/no questions<br />
Pola yang sangat formal untuk negative yes/no questions adalah NOT diletakkan
setelah subject.<br />
Auxiliary<br />
Be<br />
Do/does/did + subject + NOT + verb . . .<br />
Tapi, pola di atas sangat jarang digunakan dibandingkan dengan pola berikut:<br />
Auxiliary<br />
Be<br />
Do/does/did NOT + subject + verb . . .<br />
Note: NOT pada umumnya dikontraksi dengan auxiliary/be/do/does/did (i.e. can’t,
won’t, isn’t, don’t, hasn’t, etc).<br />
Kapan kita menggunakan negatif yes/no questions? Negative yes/no questions
umumnya digunakan:<br />
a. Jika si pembicara sudah tahu apa yang ditanyakan, tapi belum 100% yakin.<br />
Contoh:<br />
1. Isn’t the earth that travels around the sun? (Bukankah bumi yang mengitari
matahari?). Di sini si penanya ingin memastikan bahwa bumilah yang mengitari
bumi dan bukan sebaliknya.<br />
2. Aren’t you making spaghetti? (Bukankah kamu sedang masak spaghetti?)<br />
3. Didn’t you fail this course last semester? (Bukankah kamu tidak lulus mata
kuliah ini semester lalu?).<br />
4. Wasn’t he playing chess with you when I went to his house last night?<br />
5. Hasn’t she seen the Ayat-Ayat Cinta? (Bukankah dia sudah nonton film
Ayat-Ayat Cinta?).<br />
6. Aren’t they going to see a movie tonight? etc.<br />
b. Ketika si pembicara surprise, shock, jengkel, atau marah.<br />
Contoh:<br />
1. Aren’t you supposed to be at school now? Misalnya, karena YOU di rumah pada
saat jam sekolah.<br />
2. Doesn’t your class start at 7 o’clock? Misalnya, sudah hampir jam 7 tapi YOU
masih belum mandi/siap ke sekolah.<br />
3. What happened? Didn’t you study? Siapa suruh tidak belajar. Gurunya jengkel
tuh.<br />
B. Question tag<br />
Dalam question tag, si pembicara membuat pernyataan tapi dia tidak yakin
sepenuhnya terhadap apa yang dia bicarakan.<br />
Berikut adalah rules dalam membuat question tag:<br />
• Auxiliary/be pada question tag harus sama dengan auxiliary/be pada main
clause (pokok kalimat). Jika di main clause tidak ada auxiliary/be, gunakan
kata bantu do, does, atau did.<br />
• Jika main clause-nya negatif, maka question tag-nya positif. Sebaliknya, jika
main clause-nya positif, maka question tag-nya negatif. Note: kadang-kadang
main clause bermakna negatif walaupun tidak menggunakan NOT. Dalam hal ini,
question tagnya adalah positif. (Lihat contoh: 8, 9). Misalnya,<br />
o jika subject-nya nobody, no one, nothing, etc<br />
o jika verb-nya dislike, disagree, etc<br />
o jika adverb-nya never, hardly, etc<br />
o jika adjective-nya unhappy, immobile, irregular, etc.<br />
• Jangan rubah tensisnya. Misalnya, jika main clause dalam past tense, maka
question tag juga harus dalam past tense.<br />
• Subject dari question tag selalu dalam bentuk subject pronoun (i.e. I, she,
he, it, you, they, dan we). Subject pronoun ini harus sesuai dengan subject
dari main clause yang digantikannya.<br />
• Perhatikan perubahan subject main clause ke subject question tag berikut:<br />
Main clause Question tag<br />
There there<br />
It<br />
This/that<br />
Everything/nothing it<br />
These/those<br />
Everyone/ no one<br />
everybody/nobody they<br />
• Jika question tag-nya negatif, ada 2 pola yang bisa digunakan, yaitu dengan
mengkontraksi NOT menjadi n’t kemudian menggabungkannya dengan
auxiliary/be/kata bantu di depannya.<br />
[(Auxiliary/be/do/does/did)+n't ]+ subject?<br />
Atau gunakan pola berikut:<br />
(Auxiliary/be/do/does/did) + subject + not?<br />
• Khusus untuk be am, question tag-nya adalah am I not (formal) atau aren’t I
(in speaking) jika negatif, atau am I jika positif. Lihat contoh: 14 & 15.<br />
• Jika main clause menggunakan verb have/has atau need, in American English,
question tag-nya mengggunakan kata bantu do/does atau did. (Lihat contoh 9
& 10).<br />
Contoh:<br />
1. They didn’t study last night, did they?<br />
2. She hasn’t met the new student, has she?<br />
3. You are not allergic to pollens, are you? (Kamu tidak alergi terhadap tepung
sari bunga, bukan?).<br />
4. You will open that door for me, won’t you?<br />
5. It’s holiday tomorrow, isn’t it?<br />
6. There were a lot of people coming to the party last night, weren’t there?<br />
7. No one called me, did they? (Tidak ada orang yang nelpon saya, bukan?)<br />
8. Your friends never learn English seriously, do they? (Teman-temanmu tidak
pernah belajar bahasa Inggris dengan serius, bukan?).<br />
9. We need some extra money, don’t we?<br />
10. She has a dimple on her left cheek, does she not? (Dia punya lesung pipi di
pipi kirinya, bukan?). Perhatikan penempatan not!<br />
11. In cartoon, Tom and Jerry always fight, do they not?<br />
12. Apples and grapes are her favorites, are they not?<br />
13. I am included, am I not?<br />
14. I am not ugly, am I?<br />
15. Everybody looks happy with our decision, don’t they?<br />
C. Information questions<br />
Information questions adalah kalimat tanya yang membutuhkan jawaban berupa
explanation (penjelasan). Kata tanya yang digunakan dapat berupa single word:
what, where, why, who, whom, whose, which atau how; atau berupa phrase: whose +
noun (noun-nya siapa), how long (berapa lama/berapa panjang), how many (berapa
banyak), how much (berapa banyak), how often, what time, what kind
(tipe/jenis/macam apa), which one (yang manakah), etc.<br />
Ada 2 pola information questions, yaitu:<br />
a. Jika yang ditanyakan adalah subject kalimat. Inversi
auxiliary/be/do/does/did tidak diperlukan. Yang diperlukan hanyalah mengganti
subject kalimat dengan kata tanya. Kata tanya yang dapat digunakan dalam pola
ini adalah what, who, dan kata tanya berupa phrase (i.e. whose+noun, how
many+noun, how much+noun, etc.) .<br />
Who<br />
What<br />
Kata tanya berupa phrase + verb + (object) + (modifier)<br />
Contoh:<br />
1. Someone cleaned the house. Who cleaned the house? INCORRECT jika: Who did
clean the house?<br />
2. Somebody has been killed. Who has been killed?<br />
3. Jeny is smiling at her boyfriend’s photo. Who is smiling at her boyfriend’s
photo?<br />
4. John just did the homework a few minutes ago. Who just did the homework a
few minutes ago? Di kalimat ini, DID bukan kata bantu, melainkan verb2 dari DO.<br />
5. Something happened this morning. What happened this morning? INCORRECT jika:
What did happen this morning?<br />
6. The increased gas price makes people unhappy. What makes people unhappy?
INCORRECT jika: What does make people unhappy?<br />
7. Daniel’s book has been stolen. Whose book has been stolen? (Bukunya siapa
telah dicuri?).<br />
8. Rembrandt’s painting received a one-million dollars offer. Whose painting
received a one-million dollars offer? (offer = tawaran harga).<br />
9. More than two hundred people came to the party. How many people came to the
party?<br />
10. There are two cars parked in front of your house. Which one is yours? (Yang
manakah mobilmu?). The red one is mine.<br />
b. Jika yang ditanyakan adalah selain subject kalimat. Polanya adalah kata
tanya + yes/no questions.<br />
KATA TANYA + Auxiliary<br />
Be<br />
Do/does/did + subject + verb . . .<br />
Contoh:<br />
1. Jessica has known Andika since she was 7 years old. Whom has Jessica known
since she was 7 years old? Note: Walaupun who lebih sering digunakan dalam
speaking, tetapi dalam writing/ujian, gunakanlah selalu whom jika orang yang
ditanyakan posisinya object kalimat.<br />
2. My brother just bought a new computer yesterday. What did your brother just
buy yesterday?<br />
3. John is leaving for Jakarta tomorrow morning. When is John leaving for
Jakarta?<br />
4. Nining lives on jalan Sudirman. Where does she live?<br />
5. You look so happy. Why do you look so happy?<br />
6. How is she? (Bagaimana kabar/keadaan dia?)<br />
7. I saw Marita’s car heading north on my way here. Whose car did you see?
(Mobil siapa yang kamu lihat?). (heading north =menuju/ke arah utara)<br />
8. Maria and Mario have been seeing each other for 5 years. How long have they
been seeing each other? (Berapa lama mereka telah pacaran?).<br />
9. I like this cell phone. How much does it cost? (Berapa harganya?). Note:
Gunakan how much jika yang ditanyakan adalah uncountable noun.<br />
10. How much money do you want to borrow from me? Jika konteksnya sudah jelas,
kalimatnya cukup dengan: How much do you want to borrow from me?<br />
11. Budi has a lot of non-fiction books. How many non-fiction books does Budi
have? Note: Gunakan how many jika yang ditanyakan adalan countable noun.<br />
12. To keep her body slim, Jacqueline goes to the gym three times a week. How
often does she go to the gym to keep her body slim?<br />
13. What time will your plane take off? (Jam berapa pesawat kamu akan tingal
landas?)<br />
14. What kind of music do you like the most? (Musik jenis apa yang paling kamu
sukai?)<br />
15. When will you give me a chance to love you? (chance = opportunity =
kesempatan)<br />
D. Embedded Questions<br />
Embedded question adalah pertanyaan yang sudah tersirat dalam sebuah kalimat,<br />
Subject + verb + KATA TANYA + subject + verb.<br />
atau pertanyaan yang sudah tersirat dalam sebuah kalimat tanya yang lain:<br />
Auxiliary<br />
Be<br />
Do/does/did + subject + verb + KATA TANYA + subject + verb.<br />
Note: Walaupun bermakna pertanyaan, pola embedded question TIDAK PERNAH dalam
bentuk tanya.<br />
Contoh:<br />
1. Some students still don’t know when they should submit their assignment.
INCORRECT jika: Some students still don’t know when should they submit their
assignment. Incorrect karena auxilliary should diletakkan sebelum subject
kalimat.<br />
2. Nobody can predict when the Lapindo disaster will end. INCORRECT jika:
Nobody can predict when will the Lapindo disaster end.<br />
3. I just want to know what kind of music you like the most. INCORRECT jika: I
just want to know what kind of music do you like the most.<br />
4. Has Jessica ever told you whom she has known since she was 7 years old?
INCORRECT jika: Has Jessica ever told you whom has she known since she was 7
years old?<br />
5. Do you want to know what my brother just bought yesterday? INCORRECT jika:
Do you want to know what did my brother just buy yesterday?<br />
6. Do you know when John is leaving for Jakarta?<br />
7. Could you tell me where I can find this address?<br />
8. I don’t know for how long that guy has been standing there.<br />
9. I am not sure who will be elected president?<br />
10. Do you have any idea how tall Dany is? He is perfect for a basketball
player.<br />
11. Ms. Andini’s first son has studied at the university already but Ms. Andini
still looks very young. Do you know how old she actually is?</span></div>
<div style="background: #E6D89E; line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-size: 15.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">ANSWER:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="background: #E6D89E; line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">WAS
digunakan jika subjectnya<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">I, he, she, it</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>(dan juga noun yang dapat digantikan
dengan<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">he, she</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>atau<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">it</span></em>), sedangkan WERE
digunakan jika subjectnya<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">you, they, we</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>(serta noun yang dapat digantikan
dengan<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">they</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>atau<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">we</span></em>). Kedua be ini
dapat digunakan dalam:</span></div>
<div style="background: #E6D89E; line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">1.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="http://swarabhaskara.com/tenses/simple-past-tense/" target="_blank"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: windowtext; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Simple Past tense</span></a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">, kalau kalimatnya tidak menggunakan verb.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div style="background: #E6D89E; line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Contoh:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">I was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">very happy when I met her.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Amir and Budi were</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">absent yesterday.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Amir was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">sick while</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Budi was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">overslept.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Were you</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">mad at me?</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">He was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">not with her last night</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="background: #E6D89E; line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">2.
Simple past tense, kalau kalimatnya menggunakan semi modal auxiliary seperti<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">be
able to, be capable of, be get used to, be supposed to</span></em>, dst.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div style="background: #E6D89E; line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Contoh:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">He was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">able to solve the problem.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">They were</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">capable of defeating their
fear.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">I was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">getting used to the cold
weather when the first winter arrived.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">My little brother was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">supposed to study for the exam
but he watched TV instead.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="background: #E6D89E; line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">3.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="http://swarabhaskara.com/tenses/past-continuous-tense/" target="_blank"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: windowtext; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Past continuous tense</span></a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div style="background: #E6D89E; line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Contoh:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">She was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">crying when I saw her.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">We were</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">studying when Amir came.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">They were</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">playing football at 4 p.m.
yesterday.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">I saw Budi’s car.</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">It was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">heading north.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="background: #E6D89E; line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">4.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="http://swarabhaskara.com/tenses/past-future-tense/" target="_blank"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: windowtext; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Past future tense</span></a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div style="background: #E6D89E; line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Contoh:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">I was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">going to meet him yesterday but
I didn’t because of rain.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">They were</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">going to come to my house this
morning, but for some reasons they didn’t come.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">He was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">going to marry her but he
didn’t because his parents rejected her.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="background: #E6D89E; line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">5.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="http://swarabhaskara.com/tenses/past-future-continuous-tense/" target="_blank"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: windowtext; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Past future continuous</span></a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div style="background: #E6D89E; line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Contoh:</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">She told me that</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">she was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">going to be studying at 8 last
night.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Amir said that<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">he was</span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>going to be watching the Barcelona vs
Arsenal game at 3 this morning.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">They told me that</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">they were</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">going to be playing football at
3 p.m. yesterday.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Selain
itu,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">was</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span>dan<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">were</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span>juga
digunakan pada kalimat pasif yang menggunakan ke empat tensis di atas.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">1.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="http://swarabhaskara.com/tenses/simple-past-tense/" target="_blank"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: windowtext; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Simple Past tense</span></a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Polanya
sbb:<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">S + WAS/WERE + VERB3 …</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Contoh:<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">The study</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">conducted from January to
December last year.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The chairs<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">were</span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></span>moved
to the storage room this morning.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">He<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">was</span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></span>kissed
by his girlfriend.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">She<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">was</span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></span>given
another opportunity.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">We<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">were</span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></span>invited
by Budi.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Were</span></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">you invited by Budi?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">No, I</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">wasn’t</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">invited by Budi.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">2.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="http://swarabhaskara.com/tenses/past-continuous-tense/" target="_blank"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: windowtext; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Past continuous tense</span></a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Polanya
sbb:<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">S + WAS/WERE + BEING + VERB3 …</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Contoh:<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">The laptop</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">still being fixed when I got
there.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">They</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">were</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">being interrogated by the
school principal.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">She</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">being kept in the room by the
kidnappers when the police found her.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">3.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="http://swarabhaskara.com/tenses/past-future-tense/" target="_blank"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: windowtext; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Past future tense</span></a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Polanya
sbb:<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">S + WAS/WERE GOING TO BE + VERB3
…</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Contoh:<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">My friend told me that you</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">were</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">going to be given a nice
present.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">The reporter said that the
psychopath</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">going to be executed soon.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">4.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="http://swarabhaskara.com/tenses/past-future-continuous-tense/" target="_blank"><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; color: windowtext; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Past future continuous</span></a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Polanya
sbb:<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">S + WAS/WERE GOING TO BE + BEING
+ VERB3 …</span></strong><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div style="line-height: 17.75pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Contoh:<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">The tables</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">were</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">going to be being moved at
noon.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Helvetica;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">Maria said that my favorite
song</span></em><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><strong><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">was</span></i></strong><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;"> </span></i></span><em><span style="border: none windowtext 1.0pt; font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0in; padding: 0in;">going to be being sung when I arrived.</span></em><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<![endif]-->Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12835379231216033872noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4146837319742136961.post-18209299566685855562013-04-17T00:31:00.004-07:002013-04-17T00:31:54.115-07:00Personal pronouns<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<strong>Personal Pronouns (Kata ganti Orang/benda)</strong><br />
Personal pronouns adalah kata ganti yang menggantikan orang atau sesuatu
yang kita bicarakan. Personal pronoun dalam bahasa Inggris mencakup:<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 0in; mso-padding-alt: 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt; width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt; width: 50.0%;" valign="top" width="50%">
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<strong>Tunggal</strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
I (<em>saya</em>)</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
You (<em>kamu</em>)</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
He (<em>dia laki-laki</em>)</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
She (<em>dia perempuan</em>)</div>
It (<em>dia benda</em>)<br />
</td>
<td style="padding: 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt; width: 50.0%;" valign="top" width="50%">
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<strong>Jamak</strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
We (<em>kami/kita</em>)</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
You (<em>kalian</em>)</div>
They (<em>mereka</em>)<br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<strong>2. Kata kerja “to be”</strong><br />
Kata kerja “be” berarti ada.<br />
Kata kerja ini merupakan kata kerja penghubung, yang menghubungkan sebuah
subjek dan sesuatu yang terhubung dengan subjek tersebut. Bentuk present simple
dari “to be” adalah sebagai berikut:<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="mso-cellspacing: 0in; mso-padding-alt: 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt; width: 100%px;">
<tbody>
<tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="padding: 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt; width: 50.0%;" valign="top" width="50%">
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<strong>Tunggal</strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
I <strong>am</strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
You<strong> are</strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
He <strong>is</strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
She <strong>is</strong></div>
It <strong>is</strong><br />
</td>
<td style="padding: 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt; width: 50.0%;" valign="top" width="50%">
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<strong>Jamak</strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
We <strong>are</strong></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
You <strong>are</strong></div>
They <strong>are</strong><br />
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<strong>3. Kalimat Dasar</strong><br />
Bahasa Inggris merupakan bahasa SPO (Subjek Predikat Objek) – yang berarti
bahwa kalimat-kalimat tersusun atas subjek terlebih dahulu, lalu kata kerja,
dan terakhir objek. Dengan menggunakan grammar di atas sekarang kita bisa
membuat kalimat dasar dalam bahasa Inggris, misalnya:<br />
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">I am a teacher (saya seorang
guru)</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">She is happy (dia bahagia)</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">They are students (mereka
adalah siswa)</li>
</ul>
<strong>Contoh penggunaan dalam dialog:</strong><br />
<strong>(1)</strong> Hi, Sylvia! How are you?<br />
I am fine, thanks. How are you?<br />
I am very well!<br />
<strong>(2)</strong> Hi, my name is Tyler.<br />
Nice to meet you, Tyler. My name is Sylvia.<br />
It is nice to meet you too. Sylvia.<br />
<strong>(3)</strong> Hi, Tyler! How are you?<br />
Oh, I am OK. How about you?<br />
I am great, thanks.<br />
<strong>(4)</strong> What is your name?<br />
My name is Tyler Saunders. What’s your name?<br />
My name is Sylvia. It is nice to meet you, Tyler.<br />
Nice to meet you too. Where are you from?<br />
I am from China.<br />
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
Kosa kata baru dalam dialog-dialog di
atas:</div>
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<td style="padding: 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt; width: 50.0%;" valign="top" width="50%">
<div class="MsoNormal">
I = saya<br />
you = kamu/anda<br />
name = nama<br />
meet = bertemu<br />
thank = terima kasih</div>
</td>
<td style="padding: 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt 1.5pt; width: 50.0%;" valign="top" width="50%">
<div class="MsoNormal">
what = apa<br />
where = dimana<br />
how = bagaimana<br />
China = Cina</div>
</td>
</tr>
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<h3>
<strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ekspresi Silaturrahmi </span></strong></h3>
<strong>(1) Ketika Seseorang Tiba </strong><br />
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Welcome = <em>selamat datang</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Welcome back! = <em>selamat
datang kembali</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Come in. = <em>silahkan masuk</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">It’s good to meet you. (<em>pada
saat pertama kali saja</em>) = <em>senang berjumpa dengan Anda.</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">It’s good to see you again. (<em>waktu
mau berpisah</em>) = <em>senang berjumpa dengan Anda.</em></li>
</ul>
<strong>(2) Ketika Seseorang Mau Pergi </strong><br />
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">It’s been nice talking with
you. = <em>Senang rasanya bisa ngobrol dengan Anda</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Have a good/nice day. =<em>
Semoga hari-harimu menyenangkan.</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Have a nice weekend. = <em>Selamat
berakhir pekan</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Have a nice trip. = <em>Selamat
menikmati perjalanan Anda</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Have fun. = <em>Selamat
bersenang-senang</em></li>
</ul>
<h3>
<strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">b. Kata-kata Yang
Memberikan Semangat </span></strong></h3>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Good luck! = <em>Semoga
berhasil</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Good luck on your test. = <em>Selamat
beristirahat</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">You can do it! = <em>Anda
pasti bisa melakukannya</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Do your best. = <em>Lakukan
yang terbaik</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Do the best you can. = <em>Lakukan
yang terbaik yang Anda bisa</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Work hard. = <em>Bekerja
keraslah</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Keep up the good work. = <em>Teruslah
berusaha dengan baik</em></li>
</ul>
<h3>
<strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">c. Menenangkan </span></strong></h3>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Take it easy. = <em>Tenang!</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Don’t worry. = <em>Jangan
khawatir</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">That’s okay. = <em>Tidak
apa-apa!</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">It’s going to be all right. =
<em>Semuanya akan baik-baik saja</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Everything will be fine. = <em>Semuanya
akan baik-baik saja</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">No problem. = <em>Tidak
masalah</em></li>
</ul>
<h3>
<strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">d. Respon Terhadap
Berita Baik </span></strong></h3>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Wow! = <em>wow!</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">That’s great! = <em>Bagus
sekali itu!</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">That’s wonderful. = <em>Bagus
sekali</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">That’s really good news. = <em>Itu
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">I’m glad/happy to hear that.
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Congratulations! = <em>Selamat
ya!</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Good for you! = <em>Bagus
untuk Anda!</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l5 level1 lfo5; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">Good job! = <em>Kerja yang
bagus!</em></li>
</ul>
<h3>
<strong><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">e. Respon Terhadap
Berita Buruk </span></strong></h3>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">That’s too bad. = <em>Aduh,
parah sekali!</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">That’s really sad. = <em>Sungguh
menyedihkan</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">That’s terrible! (<em>untuk
berita yang amat buruk</em>) = <em>Aduh parah sekali!</em></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;">I’m sorry to hear that. (<em>khusus
untuk berita yang membuat orang lain sedih</em>) = <em>Saya turut bersedih</em></li>
</ul>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12835379231216033872noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4146837319742136961.post-75030683081688735242013-04-17T00:19:00.003-07:002013-04-17T00:19:26.773-07:00Parts of speech<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“Parts of speech” are the basic
types of words that English has. Most grammar books say that there are eight
parts of speech: <i>nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, conjunctions,
prepositions</i> and <i>interjections</i>. We will add one more type: <i>articles</i>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It is important to be able to
recognize and identify the different types of words in English, so that you can
understand grammar explanations and use the right word form in the right place.
Here is a brief explanation of what the parts of speech are:</span></div>
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<td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Noun
</span></b></div>
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<td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A noun is a naming word. It names
a person, place, thing, idea, living creature, quality, or action.<br />
Examples: <i>cowboy, theatre, box, thought, tree, kindness, arrival</i></span></div>
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<td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Verb
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A verb is a word which describes
an action (doing something) or a state (being something).<br />
Examples: <i>walk, talk, think, believe, live, like, want</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An adjective is a word that
describes a noun. It tells you something about the noun.<br />
Examples: <i>big, yellow, thin, amazing, beautiful, quick, important</i></span></div>
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<td style="padding: .75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;">
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Adverb
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An adverb is a word which usually
describes a verb. It tells you how something is done. It may also tell you
when or where something happened.<br />
Examples: <i>slowly, intelligently, well, yesterday, tomorrow, here,
everywhere</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A pronoun is used instead of a
noun, to avoid repeating the noun.<br />
Examples: <i>I, you, he, she, it, we, they</i> </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A conjunction joins two words,
phrases or sentences together.<br />
Examples: <i>but, so, and, because, or</i></span></div>
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</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A preposition usually comes before
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An interjection is an unusual kind
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An article is used to introduce a
noun.<br />
Examples: <i>the, a, an</i></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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